Reported speech atau kalimat tidak langsung dalam bahasa inggris beserta penjelasan serta soal - Berikut penjelasannya :
Reported Speech
Pengertian Reported speech
Reported speech adalah sebuah kalimat tak langsung, artinya ketika A mengatakan kepada B,dan B mengatakan sesuatu yang dikatakan oleh A kepada C inilah yang disebut dengan reported speech. Atau secara tidak langsung Reported speech adalah sebuah kalimat yang tidak mempunyai tanda petik secara sederhananya.
Pembuatan Kalimat dari Direct speech ke Reported Speech
Sebenarnya untuk membuat kalimat dari direct ke reported cara dasar adalah dengan merubah subject dari kalimat tersebut dan mengubah tenses secara keseluruhan menjadi bentuk past. Perhatikan contoh contoh perubahan kaliat dari Direct Speech ke reported speech dibawah ini.
He said , “ I have lost my umbrella”
Perhatikan kalimat diatas adalah yang berada dalam tanda petik adalah kalimat bertenses present dengan jenis Simple present perfect’ dan untuk merubah kalimat tersebut menjadi reported speech yang perlu dilakukan adalah merubahnya menjadi kalimat past perfect. Sehingga hasilnya menjadi seperti dibawah ini.
He said that he had lost his umbrella
Contoh Kalimat direct speech diubah ke Reported speech
Simple Present - Simple past
He said “ I never eat meat”
He said that he never ate meat
Tina said “ I am the most beautiful girl in my class”
Tina said that she was the most beautiful girl in her class”
Ayu said “ FIna is my best friend and she is very beautiful “
Ayu said that FIna was her best friend and she was very beautiful
Ayu said to me “ I love you very much”
Ayu said to me that she loved me very much
Present Continuous - Past Continuous
He said “ I am waiting for the buss”
He said that he was waiting for the bus
FIna said, “ I am watching movie with my boyfriend”
FIna said to me that She was watching movie with her boyfriend
Ayu said “ my mother is making chicken noodle and Fina is reading the magazine at kitchen”
Ayu said that her mother was making chicken noodle and Fina was reading the magazine at the kitchen
Present perfect – Past perfect
Ayu said “ I have eaten breakfast twice today”
Ayu said that she had eaten breakfast twice today
Fina said “ Ayu has loved her boyfriend since first sight”
FIna said that AYu had loved her boyfriend since first sight
Ayu said, “ I have found a new boyfriend and he is my favorite teacher”
Ayu said that she had found a new boyfriend and he was her favorite teacher
Present Perfect Continuous – past continuous
He said, “ I have been waiting for ages “
He said that he had been waiting for ages
Fina said, “ My parents have been teaching me since I was child”
Fina said that her parents had been teaching her since she was child
Ayu said “ I have been falling in love with my teacher since I was second grade”
Ayu said that she had been falling in love with her teacher since she was second grade”
Simple past – Past Perfect
She said, “ I took it home with me”
She said that she had token it home with her
Fina said, “ I loved you “
FIna said to me that she had loved me
Ayu said, “ I called my boyfriend last night”
Ayu said that she had called her boyfriend the night before
Simple future will - Will dirubah menjadi would
Ayu said, “ I will marry my boyfriend next year”
Ayu said to me that she would marry her boyfriend the following year
FIna said “ I will have date with my boyfriend next week
FIna said that she would have date with her boyfriend the following week.
Bentuk Reported speech dari kalimat Tanya
Reported speech Wh- questions
.Caranya adalah dengan merubah kalimat tersebut menjadi bentuk past dengan menghilangkan kalimat bantu dan menghilangkan tanda Tanya “?”. Perhatikan contohnya dibawah ini
She asked me,” Where does Peter Live?”
She asked me where peter lived ?
She asked, “ Where are you going?”
She asked me where I was going
She asked, “ Why is she crying?”
She asked why she was crying
She asked, “ what time does Ayu go to school ?”
She asked what time Ayu went to school
She asked, “where can we have dinner?”
She asked where they could have dinner
Yes/No Questions
Untuk pertanyaan yes/ no questions pembuatan kalimat reported speech nya kata Tanya menggunakan if/weather. Perhatikan contohnya dibawah ini
Do you like chocolate ?
She asked me if I liked chocolate
Do you love me ?
She asked me if I loved her
Have you had breakfast ?
She asked me weather/ if I had had breakfast
Perubahan keterangan waktu dari direct speech ke Reported speech
Direct speech - Indirect speech / Reported speechToday - That day
Yesterday - The day before
The day before yesterday - Two days before
Tomorrow - The next day/ the following day
The day after tomorrow - In two day’s time
Next week/ year - The following week/year etc
A year ago - A year before / the previous year
Perubahan Modal dalam Reported speech
Direct Speech - Indirect speechCan ( ability, present)- Could
Can ( ability, future) - Would be able to
May ( possibility) -- Might
May ( permission, present) - Could
May ( permission, future) - Would be allowed to
Must (obligation, present) - Must/ had to
Must ( obligation, future) - Must / would have to
Needn’t ( necessity, future) - Didn’t have to / didn’t need to
Needn’t ( necessity, present )- Wouldn’t have to
Shall ( future time) - Would
Shall ( offers, suggestions) - Should
Will - Would
Contoh kalimat modal dalam Reported speech
He said, “ I can drive a car”
He said that he could drive a car
She said, “ he can play a violin”
She said that he could play a violin
He said, “ I may eat a breakfast at the restaurant”
He said that he might eat a breakfast at the restaurant
He said, “ I must learn English”
He said that he had to learn English
They said, “ we would apply for a visa”
They said that they would apply for a visa
Soal Reported speech beserta jawabannya
1. "Where is my umbrella?" she asked.
She asked where her umbrella was
2. "How are you?" Martin asked us.
Martin asked us how we were
3. He asked, "Do I have to do it?"
He asked if he had to do it
4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.
The mother asked her daughter where she had been
5. "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend.
She asked her boyfriend which dress he liked best
6. "What are they doing?" she asked.
She asked what they were doing
7. "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me.
He asked me if I was going to the cinema
8. The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"
The teacher asked who spoke English
9. "How do you know that?" she asked me.
She asked me how I knew that
10. "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me.
My friend asked me if Caron had talked to Kevin
Sekian, semoga dapat bermanfaat...
By : Dede Taufiq